Recall — GCSE Flashcards
⚽ GCSE Physical Education Flashcards
Anatomy, physiology and sports science — 10 free revision cards. Study them below, or add the whole deck to Recall and let FSRS spaced repetition schedule your revision so it actually sticks.
Name the components of fitness (any 6).
Health-related: cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, body composition.
Skill-related: agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, speed.
Skill-related: agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, speed.
What are the three types of muscle?
1. Skeletal (voluntary) — attached to bones, striated, under conscious control
2. Cardiac — heart only, involuntary, fatigue-resistant
3. Smooth (involuntary) — internal organs, blood vessels
2. Cardiac — heart only, involuntary, fatigue-resistant
3. Smooth (involuntary) — internal organs, blood vessels
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise?
Aerobic — uses oxygen, low/moderate intensity, long duration (jogging, swimming). Energy from glucose + O₂.
Anaerobic — without enough oxygen, high intensity, short duration (sprinting, weights). Produces lactic acid.
Anaerobic — without enough oxygen, high intensity, short duration (sprinting, weights). Produces lactic acid.
Name the three planes of movement.
1. Sagittal — divides body into left/right; flexion/extension (running, cycling)
2. Frontal — divides front/back; abduction/adduction (jumping jacks)
3. Transverse — divides top/bottom; rotation (golf swing)
2. Frontal — divides front/back; abduction/adduction (jumping jacks)
3. Transverse — divides top/bottom; rotation (golf swing)
What does SMART stand for in goal setting?
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic (or Relevant)
Time-bound
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic (or Relevant)
Time-bound
Name the principles of training (FITT + others).
FITT: Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
Also: Specificity (train for your sport), Progressive overload (gradually increase), Reversibility ("use it or lose it"), Recovery.
Also: Specificity (train for your sport), Progressive overload (gradually increase), Reversibility ("use it or lose it"), Recovery.
How do you calculate maximum heart rate and target zone?
Max HR ≈ 220 − age (years)
Aerobic zone: 60–80% of max HR
Anaerobic zone: 80–90% of max HR
Example (age 16): max ≈ 204 bpm, aerobic ≈ 122–163 bpm.
Aerobic zone: 60–80% of max HR
Anaerobic zone: 80–90% of max HR
Example (age 16): max ≈ 204 bpm, aerobic ≈ 122–163 bpm.
What is EPOC?
Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption — the elevated oxygen intake after exercise to:
- Repay oxygen debt (remove lactic acid)
- Restore ATP/PC stores
- Recover heart rate, breathing, temperature
- Repay oxygen debt (remove lactic acid)
- Restore ATP/PC stores
- Recover heart rate, breathing, temperature
Describe the structure of a synovial joint.
Capsule containing synovial fluid for lubrication.
- Cartilage covers bone ends (reduces friction)
- Ligaments connect bone to bone
- Tendons connect muscle to bone
Examples: knee, elbow, shoulder, hip.
- Cartilage covers bone ends (reduces friction)
- Ligaments connect bone to bone
- Tendons connect muscle to bone
Examples: knee, elbow, shoulder, hip.
What are the short-term effects of exercise on the body?
- Increased heart rate and stroke volume
- Increased breathing rate and depth
- Increased body temperature → sweating, vasodilation
- Muscle fatigue, possible lactic acid build-up
- Increased breathing rate and depth
- Increased body temperature → sweating, vasodilation
- Muscle fatigue, possible lactic acid build-up
These 10 cards are a free starter deck — a companion for memorising the core facts, not a complete course. In the Recall app you can also paste your own class notes and have AI build decks for the topics your exam board covers.